使用AI检测和等级前列腺癌
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a method based on artificial intelligence for histopathological diagnosis and grading of prostate cancer. The AI-system has the potential to solve one of the bottlenecks in today’s prostate cancer histopathology by providing more accurate diagnosis and better treatment decisions.
该研究表明，AI-System在鉴定和评级前列腺癌作为世界领先的Uro病理学家。“我们的结果表明，可以培养AI系统以检测和等级的级别作为领先专家的级别，”Karolinska Institutet副教授Martin Eklund，Martin Eklund，副教授，在Karolinska Institutet领导的研究。“这有可能显着减少URO病理学家的工作量，并让他们专注于最困难的情况。”
今天的前列腺病理中的一个问题是在活组织检查的评估中存在一定程度的主观性。即使他们正在研究相同的样本，不同的病理学家也可以得出不同的结论。这导致了医生必须根据模糊信息挑选治疗的临床问题。在这种情况下，研究人员认为利用AI技术可以提高病理评估的再现性的显着潜力。
To train and test the AI system, the researchers digitized more than 8,000 biopsies taken from some 1,200 Swedish men in the ages of 50–69 to high-resolution images using digital pathology scanners. About 6,600 of the samples were used to train the AI system to spot the difference between biopsies with or without cancer. The remaining samples, and additional sets of samples collected from other labs, were used to test the AI system. Its results were also compared against the assessments of 23 world-leading uro-pathologists. The study was conducted in collaboration with researchers at Tampere University in Finland.
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Near-perfect detection
The findings showed that the AI-system was almost near-perfect in determining whether a sample contained cancer or not, as well as in estimating the length of the cancer tumor in the biopsy. When it comes to determining the severity of the prostate cancer, the so-called Gleason score, the AI system was on par with the international experts. “When it comes to grading the severity of the prostate cancer, the AI is in the same range as international experts, which is very impressive, and when it comes to diagnostics, to determine whether or not it is cancer, the AI is simply outstanding,” says Lars Egevad, professor in pathology at Karolinska Institutet and co-author of the study.
The initial findings are promising but more validation is needed before the AI system may be rolled out broadly in clinical practice, according to the researchers. That is why a multicenter study spanning nine European countries is currently underway with completion slated by the end of 2020. That study, which is financed by EIT Health, aims to train the AI-system to recognize cancer in biopsies taken from different laboratories, with different types of digital scanners and with very rare growth patterns. In addition, a randomized study starting in 2020 will examine how the AI-model may be implemented in Sweden’s health care system. “AI-based evaluation of prostate cancer biopsies could revolutionize future health care,” says Henrik Grönberg, professor in cancer epidemiology at Karolinska Institutet and head of the Prostate Cancer Center at S:t Göran Hospital in Stockholm. “It has the potential to improve the diagnostic quality, and thereby secure a more equitable care at a lower cost.”
“这个想法不是AI应该取代人类的参与，而是充当安全网，以确保病理学家不会错过一些癌症，并协助评级的标准化，”马丁埃克隆说。“它也可以作为世界各地的替代方案，当今有完全缺乏病理专业知识。”
